Photo: David Appleby
1. The Golden Retriever – selective breeding has enhanced its retrieving instinct
Photo: David Appleby
1. The Golden Retriever – selective breeding has enhanced its retrieving instinct
Photo: David Appleby
2. Exposure to a wide range of stimuli in early life enables the puppy to develop its maintenance set
Photo: Danny Archer
4. Playing games with a dog is a great way of increasing the bond and helping children and dogs understand each other
Photo: Danny Archer
5. Family walks provide an opportunity for dogs to form positive associations with children
Photo: David Appleby
7. Clicker training provides an effective means of reinforcing the required behaviour
Photo: David Appleby
9. Fear of loud noises may cause a dog to seek a location that improves its emotional homeostasis and capacity to cope
Photo: David Appleby
10. Animals may resort to the use of aggession as a means of controlling their environment and regaining their emotional homeostasis
Photo: Jon Bowen
11. Urine spraying – a natural method of communication for the cat, but unpleasant for humans if performed indoors
Photo: David Appleby
12. Some multi-cat households are made up of sibling pairs such as these, but in many cases there is no such basis to the feline community and cats are expected to live with total feline strangers
Photo: Simona Tigwell
13. Rabbits are curious creatures and will play with and investigate objects in their environment
Photos: Julie Bedford
16a and b. Creative thinking can provide environmental stimulation for dogs in a shelter environment
